Chayina

Chayina i tiko ra Axiya.

People's Republic of China
  • 中华人民共和国
  • Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó
Flag of China
Flag
National Emblem of China
National Emblem
Anthem: 
  • "March of the Volunteers"
  • 义勇军进行曲
  • Yìyǒngjūn Jìnxíngqǔ
Area controlled by the People's Republic of China shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled regions shown in light green.
Area controlled by the People's Republic of China shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled regions shown in light green.
Ntsindza-doroba Beijing[lower-alpha 1]
39°55′N 116°23′E / 39.917°N 116.383°E / 39.917; 116.383
Largest city Shanghai[1]
Tindzimi-Ximfumo Standard Chinese[2][lower-alpha 2]
Official script Simplified Chinese[lower-alpha 3]
Recognised regional
languages[3]
  • Mongol (Mongolian)
  • Uygur (Uyghur)
  • Zang (Tibetan)
  • Zhuang
  • various others
Ethnic groups
  • 91.51% Han[4]
Religion See Religion in China
Demonym Chinese
Government Unitary one-party socialist republic[5]
• Party General Secretary
and President
 Xi Jinping[lower-alpha 5]
• Premier
 Li Qiang
• Congress Chairman
 Li Zhanshu
• Conference Chairman
 Wang Yang
• First Secretary of the Party Secretariat
 Wang Huning
• Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission
 Zhao Leji
• First Vice Premier
 Han Zheng
• Vice President
 Wang Qishan[lower-alpha 6]
Legislature National People's Congress
Formation
• First imperial unification
 221 Template:Sc
• Republic established
 1 January 1912
• People's Republic declared
 21 September 1949[7][8][9]
• Proclamation of the People's Republic
 1 October 1949
• Current constitution
 4 December 1982
• Last polity admitted
 20 December 1999
Area
• Total
 9,596,961 km2 (3,705,407 sq mi)[lower-alpha 7] (3rd/4th)
• Water (%)
 2.8%[lower-alpha 8]
Population
• 2016 estimate
 1,403,500,365 Increase[13] (1st)
• 2010 census
 1,339,724,852[14] (1st)
• Density
 145[15]/km2 (375.5/sq mi) (83rd)
GDP (PPP) 2018 estimate
• Total
 $25.238 trillion[16] (1st)
• Per capita

$18,066[16] (79th)

   
GDP (nominal) 2018 estimate
• Total
 $14.092 trillion[16] (2nd)
• Per capita
 $10,087[16] (71st)
Gini (2015) 46.2[17]
high
HDI (2016) Increase 0.738[18]
high · 90th
Currency Renminbi (yuan; ¥)[lower-alpha 9] (CNY)
Time zone China Standard Time (UTC+8)
Date format
  • yyyy-mm-dd
  • or yyyy年m月d日
  • (CE; CE-1949)
Drives on the right[lower-alpha 10]
Calling code +86
ISO 3166 code CN
Internet TLD
  • .cn
  • .中國
  • .中国



Mintsaho

  1. ↑ Chan, Kam Wing (2007). "Misconceptions and Complexities in the Study of China's Cities: Definitions, Statistics, and Implications" (PDF). Eurasian Geography and Economics 48 (4): 383–412. doi:10.2747/1538-7216.48.4.383. Archived from the original on 15 January 2013. Retrieved 7 August 2011.  p. 395
  2. ↑ "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language (Order of the President No.37)". Chinese Government. 31 October 2000. Archived from the original on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 21 June 2013. "For purposes of this Law, the standard spoken and written Chinese language means Putonghua (a common speech with pronunciation based on the Beijing dialect) and the standardized Chinese characters." 
  3. ↑ General Information of the People's Republic of China (PRC): Languages, chinatoday.com, retrieved 17 April 2008 
  4. ↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name census cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  5. ↑ "Constitution of the People's Republic of China". The National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China. 15 November 2007. Archived from the original on 25 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015. 
  6. ↑ "New man at helm: Xi Jinping elected to lead China". RT.com. 15 November 2012. Retrieved 2 January 2013.
  7. ↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name prcfounding cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  8. ↑ Peaslee, Amos J. (1956), "Data Regarding the 'People's Republic of China'", Constitutions of Nations, Vol. I, 2nd ed., Dordrecht: Springer, p. 533, ISBN 978-94-017-7125-2 
  9. ↑ Chaurasia, Radhey Shyam (2004), "Introduction", History of Modern China, New Delhi: Atlantic, p. 1, ISBN 9788126903153 
  10. ↑ "Demographic Yearbook—Table 3: Population by sex, rate of population increase, surface area and density". UN Statistics. 2007. Archived from the original on 24 December 2010. Retrieved 31 July 2010. 
  11. ↑ "China". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 16 November 2012. 
  12. ↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name CIA cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  13. ↑ "World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision". ESA.UN.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 10 September 2017. 
  14. ↑ Cite warning: <ref> tag with name groups cannot be previewed because it is defined outside the current section or not defined at all.
  15. ↑ "Population density (people per sq. km of land area)". IMF. Retrieved 16 May 2015. 
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 "IMF Data Mapper". IMF. April 2018. 
  17. ↑ "China's Economy Realized a Moderate but Stable and Sound Growth in 2015". National Bureau of Statistics of China. 19 January 2016. Retrieved 20 January 2016. "Taking the per capita disposable income of nationwide households by income quintiles, that of the low-income group reached 5,221 yuan, the lower-middle-income group 11,894 yuan, the middle-income group 19,320 yuan, the upper-middle-income group 29,438 yuan, and the high-income group 54,544 yuan. The Gini Coefficient for national income in 2015 was 0.462." 
  18. ↑ "Human Development Report 2016: Human Development for Everyone". United Nations Development Programme. Retrieved 3 April 2017. 

Preview of references

  1. ↑ Romanized as "Peking" prior to the adoption of Pinyin.
  2. ↑ Portuguese (Macau only), English (Hong Kong only).
  3. ↑ In the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau, Traditional Chinese characters are used
  4. ↑ Ethnic minorities that are recognized officially.
  5. ↑ Xi Jinping holds four concurrent positions: General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (de facto paramount leader), President of the People's Republic of China (de jure head of state), and Chairman of the Central Military Commission (Commander-in-chief) for both state and party.[6]
  6. ↑ According to the official Orders of precedence in China (i.e. party comes first), the order of Wang would be inferior to the members of the Standing Committee of Politburo of CPC as he was not appointed office in the 19th Central Committee.
  7. ↑ The area given is the official United Nations figure for the mainland and excludes Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan.[10] It also excludes the Trans-Karakoram Tract (5,800 km2 or 2,200 sq mi), Aksai Chin (37,244 km2 or 14,380 sq mi) and other territories in dispute with India. The total area of China is listed as 9,572,900 km2 (3,696,100 sq mi) by the Encyclopædia Britannica.[11] For further information, see Territorial changes of the People's Republic of China.
  8. ↑ This figure was calculated using data from the CIA World Factbook.[12]
  9. ↑ The Hong Kong Dollar is used in Hong Kong and Macau while the Macanese pataca is used in Macau only.
  10. ↑ Except Hong Kong and Macau.